Chronic Pain, Impaired Physical Mobility and Disturbed Body Image r/t Scoliosis

Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a medical condition in which a person's spinal axis has a three-dimensional deviation. Although it is a complex three-dimensional condition, on an X-ray, viewed from the rear, the spine of an individual with scoliosis can resemble an "S" or a "C", rather than a straight line. Scoliosis is typically classified as either congenital (caused by vertebral anomalies present at birth), idiopathic (cause unknown, sub-classified as infantile, juvenile, adolescent, or adult, according to when onset occurred), or secondary to a primary condition.


Chronic Pain : back related to body position tilted laterally.

Goal: Pain is reduced or lost.

Interventions:

1. Assess the type, intensity and location of pain.
R /: Helpful in evaluating the pain, define the intervention options, specify the effectiveness of the therapy.

2. Adjust the position that increases the sense of comfort.
R /: Reduce muscle tension and coping adequately.

3. Maintain a quiet environment.
R /: Increase sense of comfort.

4. Teach relaxation and distraction techniques.
R /: To divert attention, thus reducing pain.

5. Encourage postural exercises regularly.
R /: With posturan exercise regularly speed up the process to fix the position of the body.

6. Collaboration: providing analgesic.
R /: To meredahkan pain.


Impaired Physical Mobility related to unbalanced posture.

Goal: Improve the physical mobility.

Interventions:

1. Assess the level of physical mobility.
R /: Influencing choice / monitoring the effectiveness of the intervention.

2. Increase activity if the pain is reduced.
R /: Provide an opportunity to expend energy.

3. Help and teach active joint range of motion exercises.
R /: Increase muscle strength and circulation.

4. Involve the family in performing self-care.
R /: Family cooperative can provide comfort to the patient.


Disturbed Body Image related to posture tilted laterally.

Goal: body image disturbance is resolved.

Interventions:

1. Encourage to express feelings and problems.
R /: Assist in ensuring trouble to start the troubleshooting process.

2. Give an open environment or supporting the patient.
R /: Increase the statement of beliefs / values ​​about positive subjects and identify misconceptions / myths that can affect the assessment of the situation.

3. Discuss the patient's perception about themselves and their relationship to change and how the patient sees himself in the pattern / role functioning normally.
R /: to help define the problem in relation to the previous pattern of life and assist in problem solving.

4. Encourage / provide visits by people who suffer from scoliosis, especially those that have succeeded in rehabilitation.
R /: Friends who have gone through the same experience, acting as role models and can provide validity statement and also hope for recovery and a normal.

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Impaired Physical Mobility related to Stroke

Nursing Diagnosis for Stroke: Impaired Physical Mobility

A stroke is also referred to as a brain attack, and it occurs when a blood vessel leading to the brain ruptures or gets blocked due to plaque deposits. When plaque accumulates on the wall of arteries, it is known as arthrosclerosis.

A stroke leads to several complications because the patient experiences weakness, paralysis and they cannot perform daily living activities. Their quality of life reduces, as they cannot shop, socialize and feed themselves. A stroke also leaves a person with visual defects and this causes them to eat their meals partially. They will consume just what they can see. The visual orientation might get affected from left to right. A visual problem can lead to the grave neglect of food and diet, and leaves a deficit in their nutrition.

Strokes affect millions of individuals around the United States each year, claiming more than 150,000 lives annually. Of those who survive, about one-third suffers from permanent disabilities. For decades, physicians have noticed that strokes impact men and women differently, though no conclusive study has discovered the reason.


Impaired Physical Mobility related to Stroke

Nursing Diagnosis for Stroke: Impaired Physical Mobility related to the involvement of neuromuscular weakness.

Expected outcomes are:

• Maintain the optimal position of function as evidenced by the lack of footdrop contracture.
• Maintain / improve strength and function of the affected body part or compensation.

Nursing Interventions for Stroke - Impaired Physical Mobility

1. Assess functional ability / extent of initial damage by way of regular, classified by scale of 0-4.

Rational: To identify strengths, weaknesses and can provide information through the recovery.

2. Change position at least every 2 hours (back, oblique) and if possible more often if placed in a compromised position.

Rational: Lowering the risk of trauma / ischemia area damaged tissue is more bad circulation and decrease of sensation and minimize pressure sores.

3. Put on the tummy one or two feet a day if the patient can tolerate it.

Rationale: Helps to maintain a functional hip extension.

4. Perform the exercise of active and passive range of motion.

Rationale: Minimizing muscle atrophy helps increase circulation mensegah contractures.

5. Chock limb in a functional position, use a board foot (food board) during the period of paralysis flaksid, maintaining a neutral head position.

Rational: To prevent contractures (foot drop) and facilitate their role if it works again.

6. Use the support arm when the patient is in an upright position, as indicated.

Rationale: During paralysis flaksid use of buffers can reduce the risk of subluksasio arm and shoulder arm syndrome.

7. The position of the knee and hip in extension position.

Rationale: Maintaining a functional position.

8. Collaboration / consultation with physiotherapists actively resistive exercises and ambulation.

Rationale: a special program can be developed to determine / find a need, which means / avoid these shortcomings in the balance, coordination and strength.

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