Morbid obesity is a multifactorial disease, which occurs due to excessive accumulation of fat tissue, so as to disturb the health. Obesity occurs when a large and growing number of fat cells in a person's body. When a person to gain weight, the fat cell size will increase and then the numbers increased. Research to study a variety of hormones and the neuroendocrine system, which regulates energy balance and body fat is a long standing challenges in the field of biology, with obesity as an important public health focus. Today we live in an era when more weight (body mass index (BMI) 23-24.9 kg / m2) and obese (BMI 25-30 kg / m2) has become an epidemic, with allegations that the increased prevalence of obesity will reach 50% in 2025 for developed countries.
Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Morbid Obesity
1. Imbalanced Nutrition: more than body requirements related to the increase in the intake of nutrients.
Interventions:
- Create a meal plan with the patient.
- Measure body weight per day.
- Emphasize the importance of realizing full and stop inputs.
- Give liquid diet, softer, high in protein and fiber and low in fat with the addition of liquid as needed.
- Refer to a dietitian
- Encourage clients to do a lot of activities.
Rationale:
- After the act of division, decreased gastric capacity of approximately 50 ml, so the need to eat a little.
- Supervision loss and nutritional needs.
- Overeating may cause nausea / vomiting.
- Provide nutrients without adding calories.
- Need help planning a diet that meets the nutritional needs.
- Do a lot of activities can burn more calories.
2. Ineffective breathing pattern related to a decrease in lung expansion.
Goal: breathing pattern becomes effective.
Expected outcomes:
- Maintain adequate ventilation.
- Not experiencing cyanosis or other signs of hypoxia.
- Monitor the speed / depth of breath. auscultation of breath sounds.
- Investigate cyanosis, increased restlessness.
- Elevate the head of the bed 30 degrees.
- Encourage deep breathing exercises.
- Change position periodically and ambulation as early as possible.
- Give supplemental oxygen.
- help the patient use breathing apparatus.
- Monitor pulse oximetry when indicated.
Rationale:
- Respiratory snore decrease ventilation, can cause hypoxia.
- Encourage the development of the diaphragm or lung expansion and minimize the maximum pressure in the abdominal contents.
- Increase the maximum lung expansion and airway clearance.
- Increase air filling the entire segment of the lung, mobilize and remove secretions.
- Maximizing preparations for the exchange of oxygen and decreased breath work. Increase lung expansion, lowering atelectasis.
- Show ventilation / oxygenation and acid-base status, used as a basis for evaluating the need for respiratory therapy.
3. Activity intolerance related to being overweight.
Goals: The need to move fulfilled.
Expected outcomes:
- Physical activity increases.
- Normal ROM.
- The client can perform the activity.
Interventions:
- Create a schedule of activities to do and ask the client to do it with discipline.
- Help the client to engage in activities that hard to do.
- Make sure the client motivation to sustain the movement.
- Encourage the client perform normal daily activities, according to ability.
- Collaboration with physiotherapy.
- Reduce stiffness and familiarize the client activity.
- Help clients to more easily perform the activity.