Nursing Care Plan for Dysentery
Dysentery is an inflammation of the large intestine characterized by abdominal pain and bowel. Defecate repeatedly that causes the patient to lose a lot of fluid and blood. Dysentery is derived from the Greek, ie dys (interference) and enteron (intestine), which means inflammation of the intestine that cause widespread symptoms with symptoms of bowel movements with bloody stools, watery diarrhea with volume slightly, defecation with feces mixed with mucus and pain when defecation (tenesmus).
Symptoms of dysentery :
- Defecate with bloody stools.
- Watery diarrhea with little volume.
- Defecation with feces mixed with mucus (mucus).
- Pain during defecation (tenesmus).
- High fever (39.50 ° C - 40.0 ° C), Appear toxic.
- Vomiting.
- Cramping pain in the abdomen and pain in the anus during defecation.
- Sometimes accompanied by similar symptoms of encephalitis and sepsis.
- Diarrhea with blood and mucus in the stool.
- Aire stool frequency are generally less.
- Severe abdominal pain (colic).
- Dehydration
- Electrolyte disorders, especially hyponatremia
- Convulsions
- Protein loosing enteropathy
- Sepsis and DIC
- Hemolytic uremic syndrome
- Malnutrition / malabsorption
- Hypoglycemia
- Rectal prolapse
- Reactive arthritis
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Ameboma
- Toxic megacolon
- Local perforation
- Peritonitis
Nursing Diagnosis for Dysentery : Altered Fluid and Electrolyte Balance related to fluid loss secondary to diarrhea.
Goal: Fluid and electrolyte balance is maintained to the fullest.
Expected outcomes:
- Vital signs within normal limits.
- Elastic turgor, mucous membranes moist lips, the fontanel is not sunken.
- Mushy consistency of bowel movements, frequency of 1 time per day.
Intervention:
1) Monitor for signs and symptoms of lack of fluids and electrolytes.
R /: Decreased blood flow causes dryness of mucous fluid volume and urine concentration. Early detection allows immediate fluid replacement therapy to correct the deficit.
2) Monitor intake and output.
R /: Dehydration can increase glomerular filtration rate makes the output inadequate to clear metabolic waste.
3) Measure body weight every day.
R /: Detects fluid loss, a decrease of 1 kg of body weight equals 1 liter of fluid loss.
4) Encourage the family to give the drink a lot on the client, 2-3 liters / day.
R /: Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes orally.
Collaboration:
5) Laboratory tests of serum electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, BUN).
R /: Correction is balanced fluid and electrolytes, BUN to determine kidney function (compensation).
6) The liquid parenteral (IV line) according to age.
R /: Replacing fluids and electrolytes adequately and quickly.
7) Provision of medicines.